csc_104_fundamentals of computing

  What is Process? In Linux, a process is any active(running) instance of a program.  Technically, a process is any execute file held in storage on your machine. Anytime you run a program, you  have created a process. A process is task that your Lunix machine is currently working on. For example, when you open a browser, your machine create a process for it.  Process States 1. Running The process is currently executing on the CPU. 2. Ready 3. Sleeping The process is waiting for resource to become available. 4. Stopped The process has been terminated by a user 6. Zombie The process has completed execution but has not yet been cleaned by he system. Process Management 1 . ps - it will displays the currently-running processes. ps ps aux  a-represent all user  u-represent the user/owner x-display process executed outside of the terminal it also display some extra fields in results. 2. top - to track running processes on your machine. It will displays a list o...

Linux file system is developed in such a way that simplifies storing, retrieving and managing files.  Linux file system is generally built-in layer of a Linux operating system used to handle the data management of the storage. It helps to arrange the file on the disk storage. It manages the file name, file size, creation data, and much more information about a file. Linux file system has a hierarchal file structure as it contains a root directory  and its subdirectories. Linux file system contains two-part file system software implementation architecture.  The file system requires an API (Application programming interface) to access the function calls to interact with file system components like files and directories.  API facilitates task such as creating, deleting and copying the files. It facilitates an algorithms that defines the arrangements of files on a file systems. In Linux, the file system creates a tree structure.  The top most directory called the ro...

 1. PWD The PWD command will show the currant working directory (also known as folder) . 2. Ls command The Ls command is used to show all the content inside a directory. The default setting will show the contents of the current directory. If you want to see the content in the other folders, you should type the folder path after the Ls command Ls-R List all files in subdirectories Ls-a List of hidden filles Ls-al List detailed information of files and directories. 3. CD command The cd command is used to navigate between files and folders. you need to type the full path or the directory's name (depending on your current directory) cd..(with two dots) move one directory up cd- go straight tot he home folder cd-(with a hyphen) move to your previous directory 4. MKDIR command mkdir command create new directories. For example: to make a directory called pictures, you can type mkdir pictures. To generate a new directory inside another directory - use format (mkdir picture/europe) 5. ...

 A container technology is a lightweight, executable unit of software that packs up application code an dependencies such as binary code, libraries, and configure files for easy deployment across different computing environments. Common types of containers are: 1. Docker 2. CRI_O-A lightweight open-source container engine created by Red Hat. 3. rktlet- A Kubernetes CRI(Container Runtime Interface Linux Container It is a set of 1 or more processes that are isolated from the rest of the systems. Linux Containers contain applications in a ways that keep them isolated from the host systems that they run on. Containers allows a developer to package up an application with all of the parts it needs, such as libraries and other dependencies, and ship it all out as one package.  They are design to make it easier to provide a consistent experience as developers and system administrators move code from development environments into production in a fast and replicable way. virtualization ...

 Network Protocol- it is the rules that determine how data is transmitted between different devices in the same network. Application layer it is used by end user software such as browsers and email clients. it provide protocols that allow software to send and receive information and give meaningful data to users. examples: Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP) it is used to deliver data(HTML files, images files, query results etc.) on the World Wide Web. Hyper-involved documents and files. Transfer- files can move over the World Wide Web from one networked device to another.                                             2.  Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure(HTTPS) it is the combination of Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and Secure Socket Layer(SSL)/ Transport Layer Security(TLS) 3. File Transfer Protocol(FTP) it is standard network protocol used for the transfer of ...

Network Model  / Protocol protocol- is the set of rules that governs the communication between computer on nertork. rules includes: 1. guidelines  2. access method 3. allowed physical method 4. types of cabling 5. speed of data transfer. layer - divide the task into sub-task and then solve each sub-task independently. OSI(Open System interconnection Reference Model)- is the description for layered communication and computer network protocol  communication and computer network protocol and transmission design. it divides data movement into seven layer from to to bottom, that are: application layer is the responsible to identify communication methods to allow users and hosts to interact with the software applications available on the internet. this layer help to identify communication partner, and synchronizing communication. this layer allows users to interact with other software application. 2. presentation layer  this layer establishes a context between Application ...